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2018.05CATTI二级笔译 

英译汉Passage 1 

Near Cambodia's Temple Ruins, a Devotion to Learning
走近柬埔寨神庙废墟，感受学习热情

Millions of tourists come here every year to visit the ancient ruins of Angkor Wat, an influx that has helped transform what once resembled a small, laid-back village into a thriving and cosmopolitan town with thumping nightlife and more than 10,000 hotel rooms.
每年，数百万游客来到吴哥窟，观赏当地古老的历史遗迹，而这处人流汇聚之地也一改昔日偏远小村落的悠闲之态，成为一座蓬勃发展的国际化城镇，坐拥10,000间酒店客房，提供激情四射的夜生活氛围。

But the explosion of the tourism industry here has also done something less predictable. Siem Reap, which had no universities a decade ago, is now Cambodia’s second-largest hub for higher education, after the capital, Phnom Penh.
然而，旅游业的爆炸式发展也取得了部分意料之外的成果。十年前，暹粒没有设立任何大学院校，但现在的暹粒却已成为柬埔寨第二大高等教育中心，仅次于首都金边。

The sons and daughters of impoverished rice farmers flock here to work as tour guides, receptionists, bartenders and waitresses. When their shifts are over, they study finance, English and accounting.
贫困稻农的儿女们涌向暹粒，在这里做着导游、接待员、调酒师和服务生的工作，当轮班工作结束时，他们便开始学习金融、英语和会计。

The establishment of five private universities here is helping to transform the work force in this part of Cambodia. Employers say that English proficiency is rising and that workers who attend universities stand out for their ability to express themselves and make decisions. A generation of students who would otherwise have had little hope to study beyond high school are enduring grueling schedules to get a degree and pursue their dreams.
当地成立的五所私立大学正在推动暹粒实现劳动人口转型。雇主们表示，雇员的英语水平正在提高，接受大学教育的雇员能够表达自己的意见，并作出相应决策，从而在职场中脱颖而出。这一代学生本没有希望在高中毕业后继续深造，但现在他们正努力坚持完成繁重的学业，以期获得学位，追寻自己的梦想。

Khim Borin, a 26-year-old tour guide by day and law student by night, says he wants to become a lawyer. But he sometimes has trouble staying awake in class during the high tourist season, when he spends hours scaling vertiginous temple steps and baking in the tropical sun.
26岁的金·波林白天是一名导游，晚上则是一位主修法律的学生。波林表示，他想成为一名律师。但在旅游旺季，他每天要爬令人晕眩的神庙台阶，还要在热带的阳光下暴晒数小时，这不免让他在晚间课堂上时常犯困。

But the symbiosis of work and study here came together without any master plan.
但在暹粒，工作与学习的共存并非出于任何总体规划。

It was driven largely by supply and demand: universities opened to cater to the dreams of Cambodia’s youth — and offered flexible hours in sync with the rhythms of the tourist industry.
供求关系是主要的推动因素：大学院校乃为实现柬埔寨年轻人的梦想而设，按照旅游业的工作节奏灵活地设置课程时间。

After graduation, students who work and study at the same time often have an edge over fresh graduates who have never worked before, for whom starting a career can be difficult, Ms. Chan and others say. University students are “more communicative,” she said. “If they don’t like something, they speak out.”
陈女士和其他人皆表示，和那些没有工作经验的应届生比起来，半工半读的学生往往在毕业后更有优势，那些从未工作过的学生在职业生涯开始时可能遭遇困难。陈女士还认为，“大学生‘与人交流更加坦率直接’，如果他们不喜欢什么，他们就会说出来。”

Ms. Chan and others say they are lucky that Angkor’s temples have proved so popular with tourists. If it were not for the sandstone structures nestled in the jungles, Siem Reap would probably have remained a backwater. Last year, 3.3 million tourists visited Siem Reap, half of them foreigners, according to the Cambodian Ministry of Tourism.
陈女士等人还表示，吴哥神庙如此受游客欢迎，他们很幸运。如果不是这片丛林中的砂岩建筑群，暹粒可能仍然是一个闭塞的小村落。据柬埔寨旅游部统计，去年共有330万名游客到访暹粒，其中一半游客来自于其他国家。

Passage 2 

India's Education Dream Risks Remaining Just That
印度教育梦——也许仅是梦一场

At one of the better colleges in India’s capital, there is just one large room for 140 faculty members to sit and have a cup of tea or grade papers. “If even half show up, there aren’t enough chairs,” said Ghazala Amin, a history professor there. “There is no other place to work. In this situation, how do you expect teachers to work?”
在印度首都的某座高等院校中，仅有一间面积较大的房间可供140名教职员坐下喝杯茶，或批改试卷。该校的历史学教授加扎拉·阿明（Ghazala Amin）认为，“哪怕只有半数教职员来到这里，椅子也不够坐。我们没有其他的办公场所，在这样的环境中，你们指望教师如何工作？”

The lack of amenities for faculty members is not the only issue. After 30 years at Jesus and Mary College, which is one of dozens administered by the University of Delhi, Ms. Amin makes the equivalent of $22,000 a year — less than half of what some of her better students will make in their first jobs. New opportunities offer not just more money for graduates but also mobility and flexibility, which are virtually unheard of for faculty at most of India’s colleges and universities.
缺乏教职员设施并不是唯一的问题。耶稣与玛丽学院（Jesus and Mary College）是德里大学下属的数十所院校之一，阿明女士在这里已经执教30年，但她的年薪仅22,000美元——甚至不及部分优秀学生第一份工作的一半年薪。全新机遇为毕业生带来的不仅仅是更多的报酬，还有更高的职业流动性与灵活性，而这对于印度大多数高等院校的教职员来说几乎是闻所未闻。

All this means that India is facing a severe shortage of faculty members. But it is not just low pay and lack of facilities that are being blamed. According to a government report published last year, a massive expansion in higher education combined with a poor supply of Ph.D.’s, delays in recruitment and the lack of incentives to attract and nurture talent has led to a situation in which 40 percent of existing faculty positions remain vacant. The report’s authors, mostly academics, found that if the shortfall is calculated using the class size recommended by the government, this figure jumps to 54 percent.
这一切都意味着印度正面临严重的教职员短缺的问题，但受到人们指责的不止低薪酬和设施不足。去年发布的印度政府报告显示，高等教育大规模扩张、博士学位供应不足、招聘延迟，以及吸引和培育人才的激励措施欠缺导致当前40%的教职员职位仍然空缺。该报告的作者多为专业学者，他们发现，如果按照政府推荐的班级规模计算职位差额，该比例将提升至54%。

Experts say this is the clearest sign that India will fail to meet the goal set by the education minister, who has pledged to more than double the size of the country’s higher education system by 2020. They say that while the ambition is laudable, the absence of a long-term strategy to develop faculty will ensure that India’s education dream remains just that.
专家们认为，这些明显迹象表明，印度将无法实现教育部长设定的目标——在2020年之前将印度高等教育系统的规模扩大一倍以上。专家们还表示，虽然教育部长的雄心值得称赞，但教职员队伍的发展缺乏长期战略，印度教育梦仍将停留在梦想阶段。

Mr. Balakrishnan of India Institute of Technology in Delhi, meanwhile, was more optimistic. He felt India could enroll as much as 25 percent of eligible students in colleges and universities — about twice the current figure — by 2020. “Tangible changes are happening,” he said. “The debate that has happened in the last few years has taken people out of their comfort zones. There is more consensus across the board that we need to scale quality education.”
与此同时，来自印度理工学院（位于德里）的巴拉科瑞斯南（Balakrishnan）先生对此却抱有较为乐观的态度。他认为，2020年之前，多达25%的合格学生将被印度高等院校录取，数量约为当前人数的两倍。“情况正在发生实质性的变化”， 巴拉科瑞斯南表示，“过去数年的争论已使人们跳出自己的舒适区。我们需要扩大优质教育的规模，越来越多的人开始达成这个共识。”

2018.05CATTI二级笔译 

汉译英 Passage 1 

2000多年前，亚欧大陆上勤劳勇敢的人民，探索出多条连接亚欧非几大文明的贸易和人文交流通路，后人将其统称为“丝绸之路”。千百年来，“和平合作、开放包容、互利共赢”的丝绸之路精神薪火相传，极大地促进了沿线各国繁荣发展。
More than two millennia ago, the diligent and courageous people of Eurasia explored and opened up several routes of trade and cultural exchanges that linked the major civilizations of Asia, Europe and Africa, collectively called the Silk Road by later generations. For thousands of years, the Silk Road Spirit - "peace and cooperation, openness and inclusiveness, mutual benefit and win-win results" - has been passed from generation to generation, and contributed greatly to the prosperity and development of the countries along the Silk Road. 

进入21世纪，面对复苏乏力的全球经济形势，纷繁复杂的国际和地区局面，传承和弘扬丝绸之路精神更显重要。“一带一路”建设是一项系统工程，要坚持共商、共建、共享原则，积极推进沿线国家发展战略的相互对接。“一带一路”致力于亚欧非大陆及附近海洋的互联互通，建立和加强沿线各国互联互通伙伴关系，构建全方位、多层次互联互通网络，实现沿线各国多元、自主、平衡、可持续的发展。“一带一路”的互联互通项目将发掘区域内市场的潜力，促进投资和消费，创造需求和就业，增进沿线各国人民的人文交流。
In the 21st century, it is all the more important for us to carry on the Silk Road Spirit in face of the weak recovery of the global economy, and complex international and regional situations. The Belt and Road Initiative is a systematic project, which should be jointly built through consultation to meet the interests of all, and efforts should be made to integrate the development strategies of the countries along the Belt and Road. The Belt and Road Initiative aims to promote the connectivity of Asian, European and African continents and their adjacent seas, establish and strengthen partnerships among the countries along the Belt and Road, set up all-dimensional and multitiered connectivity networks, and realize diversified, independent, balanced and sustainable development in these countries. The connectivity projects of the Initiative will help tap market potential in this region, promote investment and consumption, create demands and job opportunities, enhance people-to-people and cultural exchanges among the peoples of the relevant countries.

Passage 2 

2016年，中国的一个三口之家的碳排放量平均为2.7吨。目前，这个数字已升至3.5吨。而在北京、上海、广州等大城市，每个家庭的平均碳排放量已接近10吨。碳汇(Carbon Sink)主要是指森林吸收并储存二氧化碳的能力。森林是陆地生态系统中最大的碳汇库。在降低大气中温室气体浓度、减缓全球气候变暖中具有十分重要的独特作用。
In 2016, the carbon emission of a family of three in China averaged 2.7 tons. At present, this figure has risen to 3.5 tons. In major cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou, the average carbon emission of each household is close to 10 tons. Carbon Sink function refers to the capability of forests to absorb and store carbon dioxide. Forests are the largest carbon sinks in the terrestrial ecosystem, which play an important and unique role in reducing the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere and mitigating global warming.

据统计数字，每人每年只需要种3棵树，就可以吸收个人当年排放的二氧化碳。目前中国正在开展公众可参加的碳汇林项目，如将建四川大熊猫栖息地的熊猫碳汇林项目等。作为碳排放大户的一些企业也已行动起来，先后在全国十多个省区建碳汇林60多万公顷。中国将推广购买碳汇、种植碳汇林等行动，加快植树造林步伐，增加森林碳汇功能。
Statistics indicate that a person only needs to plant three trees per year to absorb the carbon dioxide he/ she has produced . Currently, China is developing the carbon sink projects that the public can participate in, such as the carbon sink project for the Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuaries. Some enterprises, as major carbon emitters, have also taken actions to plant more than 600,000 hectares of carbon sink forests across over a dozen provinces and regions in China. China will promote the purchase of carbon sinks and plantation of carbon sink forests, so as to accelerate the pace of afforestation and improve the forest carbon sink function.